Section
Europe
Economics, institutions, public policy, security and strategic transformation across Europe.
Europe is a major economic and institutional space undergoing profound transformation. Regional integration, sovereignty, competitiveness, energy transition, security, demographics and transatlantic relations are shaping its evolution. This section examines European policies, national trajectories, continental institutions and Europe’s position within global power relations.
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Switzerland: Prospering Apart
Switzerland: Prospering Apart
At the heart of Europe lies a country that seems to have spent two centuries perfecting a contradiction.
AnalysisRecent publications
The Foundations of European Integration
Understanding the Common Policies That Shape the Union
England: Power Beyond Empire
England occupies a singular place in world history. Its territory is relatively limited, its natural resources have never been comparable to those of the great continental empires, and its population remains smaller than that of the world’s leading demographic powers. Yet for sev
Germany: Europe’s Industrial Powerhouse
For several decades, Germany embodied one of the most remarkable economic success stories of the modern era. Destroyed in 1945, divided during the Cold War, and reunified in 1990, it became Europe’s largest economy, one of the world’s leading exporters, and the industrial core of
Spain, or the Queen’s Game
Spain is often perceived as a familiar power. Its name immediately evokes Madrid, Barcelona, Mediterranean tourism, football, the monarchy, imperial history, and a culture whose influence extends far beyond Europe. Yet this familiarity conceals a more complex reality. Spain is no
France: A Global Power Confronting Its Own Contradictions
France remains one of the few countries capable of exercising diplomatic, military, economic, cultural, and scientific influence on a global scale. A permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, a nuclear power, the holder of one of the world’s largest maritime domain
Europe: Power Without Sovereignty
Economic weight, regulatory power and diplomatic influence make Europe a major global actor. Yet political fragmentation limits its capacity for strategic action.