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The Geography of Ideologies: From Human Societies to Artificial Intelligence

Liberalism, conservatism, socialism, nationalism, religion, markets, equality, authority and sovereignty are not combined in the same way across human societies. Left and right continue to structure a large part of political competition, but they are not sufficient to map the world. Ideologies are shaped by history, institutions, religions, economic structures, social classes, generations and territories. As artificial intelligence systems become universal intermediaries between individuals and knowledge, this diversity raises a new question: how can machines be designed to be politically neutral in a world that has no universal political center of its own?

by Atlas Limits Research DeskAugust 29, 202648 min read

Analysis

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Trade & Industry

AI: Texas Discovers the Physical Limits of Compute

In Texas, a waiting list has become larger than the system it is asking to access.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskSeptember 22, 20267 min read

Economics

Debt: The New Boundaries of Sustainability

Inside the finance ministry of a low-income country, debt sustainability has long ceased to be a matter of simply adding up what is owed abroad.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskSeptember 22, 20268 min read

Economics

Europe: Who Really Pays Brussels?

At the European Parliament, Sarah Knafo gave the European taxpayer a name. His name is Nicolas. His work, she told Ursula von der Leyen, is worth €4,000; he receives €2,000. Then come the fuel tank, heating, electricity and, eventually, European debt. At every stage of the story, Brussels supposedly takes another share of his income.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskSeptember 21, 20268 min read

Society

Adulthood Is Fading

There was a time when being thirty already told a story.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskSeptember 21, 202610 min read

Reports and Studies

Europe: The End of the Age of Certainties

In Orvieto, the Palazzo del Capitano del Popolo has witnessed enough history to remain largely unmoved by the shifting currents of Italian politics. Yet on September 20, 2026, the scene unfolding inside it reached somewhat beyond Rome. Roberto Vannacci, founder of Futuro Nazionale, was looking towards Alternative für Deutschland. Its programme, he argued, was fairly similar to his own; the two movements had much in common and sat in the same group in the European Parliament.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskSeptember 21, 202622 min read

Defense & Security

Russia: The War of Saturation Changes Scale

On the night of September 19–20, Moscow was not simply attacked. It confronted a scale of threat that is gradually changing the geography of the war in Ukraine.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskSeptember 20, 20267 min read

Geopolitics

Morocco–Spain: The Trap of Territorial Symmetry

For four years, Rabat and Madrid had managed to achieve something more difficult than reconciliation: they had learned to separate their disputes.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskSeptember 20, 20268 min read

Geopolitics

Russia: Washington Turns Energy Sanctions Into Extraterritorial Tariffs

Washington has shifted part of its sanctions policy against Russia onto a much broader terrain: access to the US market.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskSeptember 19, 20267 min read

Defense & Security

Defense: Europe Is Starting to Build a Sovereign Alternative to American Command AI

For years, European strategic autonomy was measured in fighter jets, tanks, missiles and satellites.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskSeptember 19, 20269 min read

Markets

Capital: Those Who Finance the World

The global economy is usually described through those who produce. Companies manufacture, workers work, consumers spend, governments tax and invest, entrepreneurs innovate. We look at factories, technologies, markets, infrastructure and states because that is where economic activity becomes visible.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskSeptember 7, 202632 min read

Global

2050: The World Ahead

By 2050, demography, climate, technology and power will have redrawn the global landscape. This is not a prediction of a fixed future, but an examination of the forces already shaping the world ahead.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskAugust 21, 202611 min read

Energy

The Nuclear Age: The Return of the Atom

Beyond electricity generation, nuclear energy concentrates strategic stakes that are reshaping global power relations. From uranium to reactors, the atom is once again becoming a central instrument of sovereignty.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskJuly 22, 202617 min read

Technology

AI: The New Economy of Power

Artificial intelligence is becoming more than a technology: it is reshaping the distribution of capital, knowledge and strategic influence. A new economy of power is emerging, built on data and computing capacity.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskJuly 14, 202612 min read

Technology

The Space Race : Orbital Control and Systemic Domination

Space is no longer merely a scientific frontier: it is becoming a critical infrastructure of power on Earth. Satellites, communications and defence now place orbital control at the heart of a contest for systemic dominance.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskJuly 13, 202616 min read

Technology

Technology, dependency and sovereignty : do democratic states still govern alone?

Digital infrastructure, platforms, semiconductors and data systems have become essential to public action while remaining largely controlled by private actors.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskJuly 13, 202614 min read

Economics

Macroeconomics, inflation, debt, central banks and economic policy.

22 published articles Latest publicationDebt: The New Boundaries of Sustainability

Markets

Currencies, commodities, rates, indices and capital flows.

14 published articles Latest publicationThe SEC Opens the U.S. Stock Market to Tokenization

Geopolitics

Power politics, diplomacy, sanctions, conflicts and international relations.

21 published articles Latest publicationMorocco–Spain: The Trap of Territorial Symmetry

Energy

Oil, gas, power, critical minerals and energy security.

1 published article Latest publicationThe Nuclear Age: The Return of the Atom

Technology

AI, semiconductors, digital sovereignty, cybersecurity and data.

12 published articles Latest publicationSemiconductors: Washington Now Wants to Bring AI Memory Home

Politics

Institutions, political life, public policy, elections and governance.

11 published articles Latest publicationMorocco–Israel: Behind the Embassies, the Sahara

Society

Social change, demographics, education, labour, migration and cohesion.

16 published articles Latest publicationAdulthood Is Fading

Defense & Security

Military affairs, national security, intelligence, cybersecurity, maritime security, defense industries and strategic issues.

7 published articles Latest publicationRussia: The War of Saturation Changes Scale

Global

Global dynamics, power relations, economic transformation and transnational issues.

10 published articles Latest publicationRussian Oil: Washington Targets the Buyers

Corporate

Companies, governance, strategy, leadership, transactions and organisational transformation.

9 published articles Latest publicationThe Second Balance Sheet of Mass Retail

Environment & Climate

Climate, biodiversity, natural resources, ecological transition and adaptation policy.

4 published articles Latest publicationUnited States: Carbon Is Leaving the Federal Regulatory Framework

Trade & Industry

Trade, industry, value chains, industrial policy, competitiveness and sectoral transformation.

12 published articles Latest publicationAI: Texas Discovers the Physical Limits of Compute

Africa

African economies, strategic resources, political trajectories, trade, security and regional integration.

Dangote: The Refinery Faces the Market

Middle East

Energy, security, power rivalries, investment and strategic realignments across the Middle East.

Iran: The Suspended War

Europe

Economics, institutions, public policy, security and strategic transformation across Europe.

UK–EU: Coming Back Without Rejoining

North America

Economics, politics, trade, technology and strategic transformations across North America.

Mexico: So Close to America

Latin America

Economics, resources, regional integration, political transformation and power relations across Latin America and the Caribbean.

Brazil: the Power That Refuses to Choose Sides

Asia-Pacific

Economics, trade, technology, security and strategic balances across the Asia-Pacific region.

Vietnam: The Doctrine of Growth

Eurasia

Power, resources, infrastructure, security and geopolitical realignments across the Eurasian space.

Eurasia: The Return of the World Continent

South Asia

Demography, growth, development, security and strategic rivalries across South Asia.

India: The Rise of a Civilizational Power in a Changing World Order

Arctic & Polar Regions

Climate, resources, maritime routes, sovereignty and strategic competition across the Arctic and polar regions.

Greenland: Europe Moves from Aid to Strategy

Reports and dossiers

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Technology

China’s Parallel Technology System

Artificial intelligence, semiconductors, batteries, electric vehicles, telecommunications, platforms, drones and robotics: China is no longer seeking merely to manufacture the world’s technologies. It is attempting to master the system that produces them.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskAugust 29, 202626 min read

Politics

Donald J. Trump: America Redefined

Donald Trump represents more than a presidency: he embodies a lasting transformation of political language, institutions and America’s relationship with the world.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskAugust 15, 202615 min read

Middle East

Israel: Power Under Pressure

Between domestic divisions and a shifting regional order, Israel’s power are coming under increasing pressure. An analysis of the strengths and vulnerabilities redefining its place in the Middle East.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskAugust 14, 202624 min read

Geopolitics

Russia: Between Imperial Legacy, Strategic Power and the Challenges of the Twenty-First Century

by Atlas Limits Research DeskJuly 28, 202637 min read

Geopolitics

Russia–Ukraine: The War That Reshaped Twenty-First Century Geopolitics

by Atlas Limits Research DeskJuly 22, 20267 min read

Eurasia

Eurasia: The Return of the World Continent

For much of the twentieth century, geography appeared to have lost much of its explanatory power. The expansion of international trade, the telecommunications revolution, commercial aviation, the Internet, and the financialization of the global economy fostered the belief that distance was gradually becoming irrelevant. Capital moved across borders in milliseconds, goods crossed oceans at ever-lower costs, and production chains stretched across multiple continents. Globalization seemed to herald a world in which physical borders would matter less and less.

by Atlas Limits Research DeskJuly 20, 202637 min read